|
|
The
Traditional Views of Indo-European Unity
The Nordic and Danubian Gothids as the Core
of Indo-Europeans
Traditional concepts of European tribes insist on a
sort of holistic isolationism that identifies tribes with nations cast like
ingots in the mould of medieval monarchies. A more sophisticated view divides
Gothids into phratries (Jutes, Frisians, Angles, Saxons) denoted as
Endo-Gothids, and lineages of migration streams designated as Syn-Gothids.
Streams jut out of the cradleland of the tribal diaspora like tentacles of an
octopus or branches of a genealogic tree growing out of one trunk. The entire
genealogic tree might be referred to as a union of Pan-Gothids (Table 11).
The common
Gothonic starting-point may be found in the farmers of the Danubian Linear
Ware (5500–4500 BC), who seem to have coincided with the Y-DNA haplogroup
I2-M423 in Central Europe. The Funnelbeaker or Trichterbecher
culture (c. 4300 BC – 2800 BC) occupied seats that were later seized by
colonists of the Bootaxt people with the Corded Ware (2900 BC – circa
2350). They also showed inclinations to agriculture although their earliest
excavated sites depict them as littoral sand-dune dwellers, who built
characteristic Gothic wurts or Frisian terps surrounded by
shell midden. Their ancestry may be traced back to the earlier past of the
Campignian shell midden complex (cca 10 000 BC)
and the Portuguese Muge culture. The former term was originally coined by C. Schuchhardt but now it is
neglected as less common. Its use however proves requisite for sheltering
early migrations of the Corded Ware in North
Asia. Numerous shell dump heaps were
characteristic of the Japanese Jomon culture (16 000 BP) with
cord-marked pottery. They were created by beachcombing littoralists gathering
mussel shell on seaside beaches. Their original Y-DNA haplogroup must be of I1-M253
type corresponding to the blood group O and tall dolichocephalous stature.
The area of the Portuguese Muge culture is sometimes interpreted as a
possible starting point of the Bell-Beaker folk (2900 – 1800 BC). Its
southern promontories pursued Atlantic coastlines as far as the Gulf of Guinea,
Angola and South Africa.
|
Pan-Gothids
|
Campignian Littoralids, Danubian
Europids, Scandinavian Nordids
|
|
Northern Gothids
|
Goths/Jutes, Frisians, Angles, Saxons
with the Y-hg I1
|
|
Southern
Gothids
|
Rugians, Franks and Swabians Littoralids with the Y-hg I1
|
|
Danubian Europids
|
Langobards, Langiones, Burones, Quadi
with the Y-hg I2
|
|
Syn-Gothids
|
northern Finnish stream, central
Prussian stream, southern Balkan stream
|
|
Finnish stream
|
Hiittinen, Hiettanen, Gydan, Okhotsk, Hokaido, Haida
|
|
Prussian stream
|
Prussian, Yotvingian, Permiac, Udmurt,
Khitans in Kitai,
|
|
Balkan stream
|
Getes, Khotan, Khotanese, Gotho-Tocharians,
Masagetes, Brahmans, Khattriyas
|
Table 11. The systematic classification of Gothoid phratries
and tribes
Archaeological finds and population
genetics prove that bearers of the Y-haplogroup I1 must be identified with the
Corded Ware in the north and the Bell-Beaker Folk in the south. The
beginnings of the Corded Ware in West Europe are dated back
to 2900 BC but its eastward travels ended in the Far East. Its final
product became known as the cord-marked pottery of the Japanese Jōmon
culture (13,000 BC or 16,000 BP). Such a temporal incongruence may be
explained by deriving Gotho-Frisian tribes from the earlier Campignian
culture of shell midden beachcombers. On the Iberian
Peninsula they had closely related kinsmen in Franco-Swabian
littoralids, who had earlier forerunners in the Asturian culture (9280±440 BP) in northwest Spain and its Portuguese
counterpart referred to as the Mugem culture. Both used to produce bell-shaped
beakers and imported their patterns to la cultura campaniforme in
western coasts of Africa as far as Guinea and Angola. The
cord-impressed ceramic travelled throughout the Middle East also to the
Pakistani Mehrgarh culture (9,500 BC) and the Vindhyas culture in India (10,000)
BC). Its migrations were accompanied by other characteristic traits: shell
midden heaps, longhouses on seaside sand-dunes, heavy macrolithic tools,
battle axes, dolichocephalous skulls, Europoid look and agricultural
dispositions tending to grow foxtail millet. Such circumstances support
Biasutti’s racial classification that denotes American littoralids (Columbidi,
Lagidi, Fuegidi).
The important point is that Preeuropidi
had reached the coasts of the Far East around 13,000 BC and
implanted an early version of Indo-European elocution in India. It were the
priestly caste of Brahmans and the royal caste of Kshatriyas who implanted
the seed of Indo-European Ursprache in India a long time
before the arrival of Aryas (1600 BC). As a consecution, Vedic Sanskrit may
regarded as a record of the Indo-European tongue before the arrival of the
Maglemosian culture (9000 BC) smuggled into Europe by the Mesolithic invasion
of Microlithic cultures of Turcoid origin and the Y-hg R1a. The trueborn
Europids spoke a vocalic language with three-morae vowels and triphthongs and
the opposition of voiced and surd voiceless consonants. The Germanic invaders
were false Europeans who infiltrated their speech with the opposition of aspirated
tenuis and lenis stops and Turcoid vowel harmony with front rounded vowels
that caused the effect of the Umlaut shifts.
Their archetypal differences were
manifested by absolutely incompatible phonologies and grammatical systems.
African Negrids, Asiatic Caucasoids and European Nordids applied cordal
languages, whose consonantism was based on the vibration of vocal cords
and the opposition of voiced and surd phonemes (Table 5). They pronounced
vocalic cordal phonemes based on open syllables and phonemes produced by
airstream passing through vibrating vocal cords. If there were any structural
changes, they were caused by mixing with Altaic agglutinating systems.
|
Negritic cordal phonology
Negrids with prenasalised stops
|
Acheulean cordal phonology
Caucasoids/Elamitoids/Gothonids
|
Indo-European cordal phonology
Europids/Gothids
|
|
short vowels: i e a o u
|
short vowels: i a u
|
short vowels: i a u
|
|
weak evidence of long vowels
and diphthongs
|
long vowels:
ī ā ū
diphthongs: ai au
|
long vowels: ī ā ū
diphthongs: ai au
|
|
no long diphthong or triphthong
|
long diphthongs: āi āu
|
long diphthongs: āi āu
|
|
voiced prenasals: mb- nd-
ŋg-
voiced plosives: b d g
|
voiced plosives: b d g
|
voiced plosives: b d g
voiced fricatives: v z h
|
|
surd prenasals: mp- nt- ŋk-
surd plosives: p t k
no consonant clusters
|
surd plosives: p t k
surd fricatives: f s χ
|
surd plosives: p t k
surd fricatives: f s χ
initial clusters: spr- str- skr- str-
|
|
voiced sonants:
j w l r
|
voiced sonants:
j w l r
|
voiced sonants:
j w l r
|
|
voiced nasals: m n ŋ
|
voiced nasals: m n
|
voiced nasals: m n
|
|
voiced trill r
|
voiced vibrant/trill: r
|
voiced vibrant/trill: r
|
Table 5.
The cordal phonology of dolichocephals
with macrolithic hand-axe industry
Table 5 demonstrates an organic growth of
IE phonology from the Ursprache of Elamitoid Caucasoids and its
incompatibility with Germanic innovations hiding away Turanid origins.
|
Gender-oriented morphology
Negrids with nominal classifiers
|
Gender-oriented morphology
Caucasoids/Elamitoids
|
Sex-based gender categories
Europids/Gothids
|
|
prefixing morphology
|
suffixing morphology
|
inflective morphology
|
|
noun classes/classifiers
prefixing formation
gender: animate/human – inanimate
gender class: vegetal – arboreal
|
nominal categories
suffixing gender formation:
animate/human – inanimate
|
nominal categories
suffixing gender formation:
animate/human – inanimate
|
|
number: singular mu- mo- li- e-
plural prefixes: ba- bi- mi- ma-
|
number: singular – plural
b/w-plurals
|
number: singular – plural – dual
s-plurals
|
|
cases: no cases
|
cases: absolutive – oblique
|
cases: nominative – accusative
|
|
voiced prenasals: mb- nd-
ŋg-
voiced plosives: b d g
|
voiced plosives: b d g
|
voiced plosives: b d g
voiced fricatives: v z h
|
|
word order: SVO
adjective attributes: NA
nominal attributes: NG
numeral attribution NNum
|
word order: SVO
adjective attributes: AN (NA)
nominal attributes: NG
numeral attribution NumN
|
word order: SVO
adjective attributes: AN (NA)
nominal attributes: NG
numeral attribution NumN
|
|
adjunctions: prepositions
conjuctions: prejunctions
|
adjunctions: prepositions
conjuctions: prejunctions
|
adjunctions: prepositions,
conjuctions: prejunctions
|
|
that-clauses
|
that-clauses
|
that-clauses
|
Table 8.
The nominal morphology of dolichocephals
with macrolithic hand-axe industry
Elementary grammatical systems fall into
three types of nominal and verbal morphology. The gender-oriented morphology
is attributable to the language family of tall dolichocephals with hand-axe
industry and vegetal subsistence. In its original appearance documented in
African, Melanesian and Australian Negrids it partitioned nouns into classes
of animate, inanimate, vegetal and arboreal classes. These classed were
distinguished by prefixes put in front of nouns. In the Horn of Africa their
family ran upon Asiatic races with agglutinating language structures and
transitioned to suffixing morphology of inflecting type. The group of Asiatic
plant-gatherers, hoe-cultivators and agriculturalists reduced the system of
twelve nominal classifiers to the opposition of animate and inanimate nouns.
Their category included humans, animals, animistic spirits as well as sacral
deities.
This categorisation survived
also in Anatolian tongues until their further expansion in the Balkans
encountered Gravettian tribes of Alpinids with sex-based gender
classifications. Their clash resulted in the rise of sex-based nominal gender
enriched by masculine o-stems and feminine a-stems. The core of
European Gothids accepted the dual opposition of masculine and feminine
gender but their core remained reluctant to their addition and continued to
adhere to nominal i-stems. Their subclasses coexisted with Caucasoid
vegetal u/w-stems that can be explained as remains of Caucasoid
b-plurals referring to agricultural crops and instruments of farming
activities. The classification of Indo-European thematic and athematic stems
may be regarded as a hold-over of ancient invasions and infiltrations
surviving in residual form in the territory of Europe. The sex-based
gender distinction of the suffixes -o and -a first appeared in
African Chadic and Ethiopian Galla languages and their spread all over Europe was due to the
Gravettian colonisation of short-sized brachycephals to the north. They were
embedded into the system of IE accidence as new thematic stems distinguishing
the masculine o-stems and feminine a-stems. The u-stems
penetrated into the IE word stock with the propagation of Neolithic farming
from the Fertile Crescent to the Danubian
river basin.
|
Eteo-dialects
|
|
Old
Indian
|
|
Allo-dialects
|
|
Indo-Negritic mb- nd-
ŋg-
|
→
|
Negritisms:
amb- and- ang-
|
|
|
|
Gothoid voiced b- d- g-
|
→
|
Gothoid
Sinisms: bh- dh- gh- nh-
|
←
|
bh-
dh- gh- nh- Sinic
|
|
Scythic ejectives p’ t’ k’
|
→
|
Scythoid
clusters: sp- st- sk- sn- sl- sr-
|
←
|
hp- ht-
hk- hn- hl- hr- Scythic
|
|
Scythised
cacuminals
|
→
|
cacuminal
clusters: spr- str- skr- zdr-
|
←
|
tr- dr- Turanic cacuminals
|
|
Scythised
laminals
|
→
|
laminal
clusters: spl- stl- skl- sn- sm- sl-
|
←
|
tl-
dl- Tungusoid
laminals
|
|
Scythic
implosives ɓ̥ ɗ̥ ɠ̊
|
→
|
Scythoid
surd plosives: b d g
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sanoid
clicks and s-affricates: c z ʃ ʒ
|
←
|
tc-
dc-
Sanism
|
|
|
|
Lappisms:
by- dy- gy- ny- py- ty- ky-
|
←
|
by-
dy- gy- ny- py- ty- ky- Lappic
|
|
|
|
Tungisms:
tl- dl-, ʈ- ɖ-, ṭ- ḍ- ṇ- ṣ- ẓ-
ḷ- ɾ̣- ɹ̣-
|
←
|
ʈ- ɖ- ɳ-
ʂ- ʐ- ɻ- Dravido-Tungic
|
|
|
|
Turanisms:
tr- dr-, ʈ- ɖ-, ṭ- ḍ- ṇ- ṣ- ẓ-
ḷ- ɾ̣- ɹ̣-
|
←
|
ʈ- ɖ- ɳ-
ʂ- ʐ- ɻ- Dravido-Turanic
|
Table 10. Conservative
embeddings and regressive intrusions in Old Indian consonantism
The first autochthons in India were Negrids, whose
word stock with prenasalised stops was absorbed into Sanskrit by adding the
prothetic vowel a-. As a result, the initial phonemes /mb- nd-
ŋg-/ were encapsulated into its norm as amb-,
and- and ang-. After
the arrival of black-skinned Negrids of Oldowan origin there appeared a
colonisation of Acheulean hand-axe cultures (800,000 BP) that discarded
prenasalisation and replaced the prefixing ba-plurals of human beings
with suffixal b-plurals as in Dravidian Gadaba and Gutob in North
Indian Punjab. In dialects of Central Asia they accompanied the
ethnonyms of Caspii and Lullubi.
The first Indo-European
newcomers were Campignian Littoralists (10,000 BC) with cordmarked pottery,
who colonized the Vindhya Range in Gujarat. They were not
populous enough to Europeanise the entire Indian subcontinent but they
disposed of an advanced educated religious tradition that enabled their
Brahman descendants to get hold of an enviable scriptural monopoly. They
managed to reinforce it as an official administrative standard used in
religious rites. Their integration involved embedding the Brahmanic
Proto-Gothic voiced plosives b, d, g into the local
phonological framework with murmured breathed stops bh-, dh-,
gh-. Their heritage may be ascribed to
Acheuloid racial groups with Y-haplogroups G and H, whose occurrence
culminates in the Indian subcontinent.
The Dravidian element in Old
Indian was represented by retroflex consonants written as ṭ, ḍ, ṇ,
ṣ, ẓ, ḷ, ɾ̣, ɹ̣ but the IPA standard records
them as /ʈ, ɖ ,
ɳ, ʂ, ʐ, ɭ, ɻ, ɽ/. They were
notable for pronunciation with the tip of the tongue bent backwards in a concave or curled shape. Their use was obliterated in most language
families but their remains often survive in the affricates tr- dr-,
tl- and dl-. Most types of notation do not distinguish
their apical and laminal pronunciation. The laminal retroflex consonants were
characteristic of Tungusoid fishermen, who disseminated them in Eurasia with Aurignacian colonisations around 40,000 BP. The apical or
cacuminal retroflex consonants must have been imported by Turcoid cultures
with microlithic flake-tools around 11,000 BC.
|
|
Every Indo-European family consists of one dominant core that forms
its pure-blooded ‘eteo-race’ and several concomitant subraces. Inherent
subraces are consanguine ‘endo-races’, heterogeneous subraces are
‘allo-races’, alien invaders who acculturated as cohabitants of the dominant
eteo-race. So Angles and Saxons belonged to the connate ‘endo-races’ of Jutes
and Frisians. On the other hand, the Celts were only a disparate and
inorganic collection of alien ‘allo-races’ that huddled around the eteo-races
of Gauls and Gaels. Their territories overlapped with plantations of
Magdalenian Iberians, Epi-Cardial Pelasgoids, Poladan lake-dwellers, Welsh
sheep-breeders as well as Scottish cairn- and broch-builders. Despite regular
intertribal skirmishes nobody ousted, expelled and exterminated anyone, all
prehistoric migrations occurred as inimical but relatively peaceful
infiltrations as ancient tribes occupied different natural ecotypes.
The principal thesis assumes that the greatest part
of the Indo-European lexical substance was created by Europids (Danubian
Gothids) but relevant contributions were made also by megalith-builders,
Alpinids and Mediterranids. An intensive impact was enforced only by
colonisations of Magdalenian Iberids and Maglemosian Cimbrids (Table 17).
Maglemosians gave rise to Germanic languages and triggered the Great
Consonant Shift in Common Germanic. The cultural influence of Mediterranids
was imported mainly by Aurignacians, Madgalenians and Epi-Cardial Pelasgids
(Table 15). Their linguistic loans partly survived only in Lydian and Carian.
Alpinids created the domains of Celtic, Albanian and Slavic languages that
are remarkable for patatalisation, satemisation, nasal vowels, tonal prosody
and pitch accents.
Pseudo-Indo-European
allochthones = Mediterranids + Ugrids/Macro-Dinarids + Norids + Alpinids
Ugro-Scythoids
or Macro-Dinarids = giant brachycephalous beehive-dwellers with convex
aquiline noses
Norids = taller
(meso-)brachycephals with four-pitch-roof marquee tents
Alpinids/Lappids = short
brachycephalous semidugout-dwellers with concave noses
Mediterranids = slender gracile mesocephals with small feet, narrow
eye-fissure and high cheekbones
Tungids =
slender gracile mesocephals with residual epicanthus and slanting eyes; they
lived in tall tepee tents with crossed tent-poles and built anthropomorphous
stelae
Pelasgids =
slender gracile mesocephals with dark hair and dark brown eyes; they lived in
conical roundhouses/rondavels and used ochre burials with tall standing
stones (menhirs)
Turanids =
slender gracile mesocephals who lived in rock shelters and artificial rockcut
caves
Mediterranids = Euro-Turanids +
Euro-Tungids
Ugro-Scythoids
or Macro-Dinarids →
Epi-Aterian Baskids + tumuli-grave
Dinarids + kurgan-builders
Norids ← Hallstattians (900 BC) ← Sarmatids ← Sintashta
culture (2,100 BC) ← Comb Ware (6,000 BC)
Euro-Tungids → Levalloisian (95,000 BP) + Cardial Ware
(6,400 BC) + Aurignacian (37,000 BC)
Alpinids
→ Gravettians (33,000 BP) + Stroked Ware (4,500 BC) +
Cinerary Urns + Lusatians (1150 BC)
Table 12. Pseudo-Indo-European peoples (Allo-Europoids) of
allochthonous Asiatic origin
Basco-Scytho-Ugric cultural morphology
Funeral architecture: dolmen, cairn (Britain), round barrow, tholos
(Mycenaean),
Monumental architecture: broch (Scotland), henge (Britain), nuraghe (Sardinia), talailot (Menorca)
Baskids, megalith-builders: [Vascones – Vasates – Sotiates
(Pyrenees)] + [Agri Decumates – Mediomatrici
– Pictones – Pictavi (North France)] + [Picts – Scots – Ogres (Britain)] + [Scandza – Varangians (Scandinavia)]
Dinarids, tumulus cultures, Hügelgräber: [Mattiaci – Seducii – Angrivarii
– Fosi (West Germany)] + [Picentes, Peucetians –
Messapians (Italy)]
Cyclopes: [Mycenaeans – Argolids] + [Mysians (Anatolia) – Bessi – Macedonians –
Moesians]
Scythoids: [Abkhaz – Abazin] + [Matiana – Media – Scythia – Sogdiana – Sacae]
Table 18. A survey of Bascoid
ethnonyms and cultural morphology
Mediterranids.
The traditional category of Mediterranids is firmly attached to the territory
north of the Mediterranean Sea but
it evokes association with similar human phenotypes evidenced in northern Europe as
well as in India and
other parts of Asia. Its
semantic content is too broad and should be narrowed to two closely-related
brotherly races of prehistoric nomadic fishers: Tungids with long prismatic
leptolithic industry and Turanids with small triangular or trapezoid flakes
inserted into bone hafts. These genuine varieties of Mediterranids are noted
for exhibiting mesocephalic skull indices and high hypsicranic faces. The
absence of these features makes it possible to distinguish them clearly from
false Mediterranids (Atlanto-Mediterranids, North
Atlantids, Berids) with long-headed crania.
Euro-Tungids (also
called Ladogans, Baltids, Karelians, Hyperboreans; nomadic fishermen,
lacustrine lake-dwellers, pole-dwellings, tepee huts, Finnish steep-sloping
chalets with tepee-like gables, Lappish huts laevu and goahti,
lakeside fishermen, acorn-eaters (?), ABO group B, low frequencies of Y-hg
C):
N1 Karelian Tungids: Karelians
(Karjalabotn, Kirjaland),
NW Latvian Tungids:
Baldayskaya Range → Baltinava → Latgalians
→ Latvia →
Curones,
W1 Polochan
Tungids: Polochans, Poloczanians (at Polotsk, Belarusia) → Lithuanians → Belostok → Polans (also
Polanes, Polanians, Polish Polanie in the Warta river basin) → Płońsk-Bielsk → Poel → Flensburg
→ Danes (Dani)
W2 Polonian Tungids: Volga
Bulgars → Polovtsi (Polish Połowcy, Plauci) → Polans
(Opolans), Połomia →
Bolokhoveni,
W3 Euro-Tungids: Plone
→ Belesane → Ostfalen (Ostfalia)
→ Westfalen → Belgium (Belgica,
Belginum) → Bellovaci → Flemish
Flanders (Flandria) → Belgae
(south England).
W4 Euro-Tungids: Balti
(Romania) ← Ipoly, Pilis, Ipel’ (Hungary, Slovakia) ← Pálava
(Moravia) ← Tuenagove ← Blesigove ← Pfalz (Germany),
NW Pelasgids:
Pelasgians (Pelasgiotes) → Belegezites
(Thessaly) → Illyri (Illyrioi, Illyrii)
→ Dalmatians → Carinthians (Slovenes in Austria and Slovenia)
Table 13. The colonisations and
migration routes of Aurignacian Tungids in
Europe
Tungusoid
Mediterranids. The group of European Tungids is not
documented satisfactorily by recent anthropometric measurements because it
dates back to archaic Palaeolithic eras. The core of their populations
arrived to west Europe with
Aurignacian colonists from the Black Sea
around 38,000 BC. Their heralds bore the original Tungusic Y-haplogroup C but
with the progress of time they declined to zero values. Its rates were not
increased by the Cortaillod-Chaséen and the Latenian revival, either. Neither
of them brought a new genetic infusion of this genome from the east. As the
Latenian/La Tène culture ranges from the Danubian estuary to France, Brittany and Ireland, the
Pontic seaboard looks like the possible starting-point of its influx. As a
consequence, we ought to adopt a more plausible hypothesis that the Latenian
bloom should be estimated as a cultural revitalisation of Chasseén
lake-dwellers propagating in eastward as well as westward direction. Provable
conclusions indicate only repeated Latenian passages to Britain and Ireland from
the boundary region between Switzerland, Italy and France.
Toponymic studies suggest the following ethnic migrations of the Pontic
homeland.
The earliest ancestors of
Spanish and West-European Iberids can be seen in Magdalenians, known as
reindeer hunters with microlithic tool implements. The typical representative
of their race was Chancelade man, documented also in ostial finds from
Laugerie-Basse and the Duruthy cave near Sorde-l'Abbaye. Chancelade
man exhibited a narrow but tall and long cranium, tall and wide face,
prominent cheekbones, tall and narrow nose and high orbits. His burials,
however, displayed also some incompatible heterogeneous admixtures: ochre dye
characteristic of Aurignacian Tungids, and also some Europoid heritage.
Europoid elements were demonstrated especially in the strong chin and the
sagittal keel spanning along the suture between the parietal bones.
|
Mediterranids → Euro-Turanids + Euro-Tungids (Aurignacians) +
Euro-Pelasgids (Cardial Impresso)
Euro-Turanids (Mesolithic microlithic flake-tool
cultures of Turcoid descent) → boreal
Turanids (Maglemosians) + meridional
Turanids (Magdalenians)
|
|
Magdalenians
Iberids
Madgalenians
Kimbern
Ahrensburgian
Trønderids
Cambrians
Eburones
Hibernids
Ahrensburgian
Tardenoisians
|
→ Iberids (rockcut-dwellers, reindeer hunters,
burnished ware, Y-hg R1b, 17,000 BP)
→ Iberians + Eburones + Kimbern + Cambrians + Hibernids
→ Azilians (rock art, imprints of phalanges,
hepatomancy, 14,000 BP) > Cantabrians
→ Hamburgian complex (15,500 BP) > Ahrensburgians
(12,900 BP)
→ Ertebølle culture (ca 5300 BC) > Kimbern
(Himmerland) + Trønderids
→ Komsa culture in
western Norway (10,000 BC)
→ Creswellians (Y-hg R1b, 13,000 BP, British Cambria, Cumbri)
→ Seine-Oise-Marne group (> Eburones, 3100 BC, rock-cut gallery tombs)
→ Fomoire (Irish cliff-dwellers) + Hiberni,
inhabitants of rock shelters in Ireland
→ Tardenoisians (Y-hg R-U152, 8,000 BC)
→ Tyrrhenes (> Etruscans) + Siculi (>
Sicilians)
|
|
Dnieper-Donets
culture, Y-hg R1a → Swiderians
(11,000 BC) → Silesians
|
|
Maglemosians
Cimbrids
|
→ Cimbrids (bog people, fishers, pointed-base
pottery, Y-hg R1a, 9,000 BC)
→ Cimbrians + Teutons + Germans
|
Table 16. The genealogic branching of Microlithic Euro-Turanids
Extract from Pavel Bělíček: The
Analytic Survey of European Anthropology, Prague 2018, pp. 7-16.
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